Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology

-Pmm, Richard 0. A test of the monophyly of the manakins (Pipridae) and of the cotingas (Cotingidae) based on morphology. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool., Uniu. Michigan, 723:I-44, 6jigs. A phylogenetic analysis of the Tyrannoidea is performed as a test of the monophyly of the manakins (Pipridae) and of the cotingas (Cotingidae). The 12 morphological characters surveyed include the traditional characters used to define the families and other morphological features taken from observations of tyrannoid syringes and hindlimb arteries. Five traditional characters are phylogenetically uninformative. The remaining seven characters support 25 maximally parsimonious phylogenetic hypotheses of length 10 (CI = 0.70). A strict consensus tree based on these trees has few resolved clades, but indicates that neither the Pipridae nor the Cotingidae as traditionally defined is monophyletic. Six currently recognized genera of PipridaeSchiffornis, Sapayoa, Piprites, Neopipo, Neopelma, and Tyranneutes-share derived morphological characters with other, non-piprid tyrannoids. The other eleven piprid genera-4hloropip0, Xenopipo, Antilophia, Heterocercus, Machaeropterus, Manacus, Corapipo, Ilicura, Masiur, Chiroxiphia, and Pipraform a clade diagnosed by the dorsal fusion of the B1-2 syringeal supporting elements. A large clade including most cotingids is supported by a derived syringeal muscle character and provides evidence of the monophyly of the cotingids, but this character conflicts with other derived morphological features. Additional data are required to resolve many portions of tyrannoid higher-level phylogeny. Relative confidence of the homology of derived states and possible resolutions of character conflicts are discussed. Recognition of a restricted monophyletic Pipridae including only 11 genera is recommended. *Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, NY 10024.